Can you get tuberculosis after receiving the BCG vaccine?

After birth, the obstetric nurse will administer the hepatitis B vaccine and the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine to eligible newborns. Upon discharge, parents will be instructed to take their infant to the community health center for subsequent vaccinations—on schedule and in the correct sequence—starting at one month of age.

Can tuberculosis infection occur after receiving the BCG vaccine?

Yes, tuberculosis infection can still occur after BCG vaccination. While the BCG vaccine helps prevent severe forms of tuberculosis—such as miliary tuberculosis and tuberculous meningitis—and reduces both the incidence and mortality associated with these conditions, it does not confer complete immunity. The vaccine stimulates the immune system of individuals with normal immune function to produce certain antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In other words, it provides partial protection. Consequently, if a vaccinated individual is later exposed to the tuberculosis pathogen, they may remain disease-free; however, exposure to a high bacterial load may overwhelm the body’s defenses, leading to active tuberculosis.

To prevent tuberculosis transmission, individuals should cover their mouth and nose with a tissue or wear a mask when coughing or sneezing, and avoid speaking loudly in close proximity to others. All personal items used by infected individuals should be regularly disinfected and cleaned. Additionally, prolonged stays in poorly ventilated, enclosed spaces should be avoided; instead, windows should be opened regularly to ensure adequate ventilation, and natural sunlight should be allowed into living areas whenever possible.

In daily life, maintain a balanced and regular diet—avoid spicy, irritating foods, overeating, and staying up late. We hope this information is helpful to you.