Always feel uncomfortable in the upper abdomen

Discomfort in the upper abdomen may be a normal occurrence, or it could be caused by conditions such as cholecystitis or gastric ulcers. If due to non-pathological factors, adopting healthy lifestyle habits is sufficient; if caused by pathological factors, patients may require medication or surgery for treatment.

I. Non-Pathological Factors:

Consuming excessive amounts of food at one time or sitting or lying down immediately after eating may increase the burden on the gastrointestinal tract and lead to indigestion. This is generally normal and not a cause for concern. Symptoms can be managed by maintaining a light and moderate diet and engaging in mild physical activity after meals.

II. Pathological Factors:

1. Cholecystitis
Cholecystitis may result from obstruction of the cystic duct or bacterial infection of the gallbladder, causing severe pain in the right upper abdomen, chills, rigors, and fever. Patients may take medications such as magnesium sulfate oral solution or ursodeoxycholic acid capsules as directed by a physician to relieve symptoms. In some cases, surgical procedures such as cholecystostomy or cholecystectomy may be necessary.

2. Gastric Ulcer
Gastric ulcers may be caused by long-term smoking and alcohol consumption or Helicobacter pylori infection, leading to dull or burning pain in the upper abdomen or behind the sternum, possibly accompanied by acid reflux and decreased appetite. Patients may be treated with medications such as cimetidine tablets or ranitidine capsules under medical guidance. In severe cases, surgical interventions such as partial gastrectomy or vagotomy may be required.

It is recommended that patients promptly visit a hospital for diagnostic tests such as blood biochemistry and complete blood count to confirm the underlying cause. Patients should consume light, easily digestible foods—such as milk, eggs, and lean meat—and follow a regimen of small, frequent meals.