The main causes of metabolic alkalosis
Apr 03, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Shuwen
Introduction
The main causes of metabolic alkalosis include dehydration, excessive intake of alkaline substances, compensation for respiratory acidosis, and should be treated symptomatically under medical guidance. Other contributing factors include renal dysfunction, hepatic dysfunction, and emphysema. It is advisable to consume more fresh fruits and vegetables, especially those rich in carotene, such as spinach, Chinese kale, and sweet potatoes.
Major causes of metabolic alkalosis include dehydration, excessive intake of alkaline substances, and compensation for respiratory acidosis. Treatment should be administered under medical guidance based on symptoms.
1. Dehydration
Dehydration leads to concentration of body fluids and increased concentration of alkaline substances in the blood, resulting in metabolic alkalosis. Treatment may include intravenous infusion of isotonic saline or glucose-saline solutions under a doctor's supervision.
2. Excessive intake of alkaline substances
Overuse of antacids, carbonated beverages, sodium bicarbonate, etc., can lead to excess alkaline substances in the body and cause metabolic alkalosis. Under medical guidance, medications such as sodium citrate tablets or potassium citrate sustained-release tablets may be used to neutralize excess alkali in the body.
3. Compensation for respiratory acidosis
Respiratory acidosis occurs due to impaired respiratory function leading to reduced carbon dioxide elimination, causing elevated blood CO₂ levels and decreased pH. To compensate for this acidosis, the kidneys excrete more alkaline substances, which may result in metabolic alkalosis. Treatment under medical supervision may include administration of arginine hydrochloride (acidic amino acid preparation).
In addition, other contributing factors include renal dysfunction, hepatic dysfunction, and emphysema. It is advisable to consume more fresh fruits and vegetables, especially those rich in carotene, such as spinach, Chinese kale, and sweet potatoes.
