Pulmonary nodules caused by fungal infections

Pulmonary nodules caused by fungal infections generally present with manifestations such as asymptomatic infection, influenza-like symptoms, and pulmonary symptoms, which require symptomatic treatment. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Asymptomatic infection

Fungal infections can lead to pulmonary nodules, with common causative fungi including *Aspergillus*, *Cryptococcus*, and *Pneumocystis*. Pulmonary nodules refer to round or oval lesions in the lungs with a diameter less than 3 cm, typically detected on chest CT scans. Most patients show no significant clinical symptoms and often recover spontaneously.

2. Influenza-like symptoms

Pulmonary nodules caused by fungal infections may present with influenza-like symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, runny nose, joint pain, and muscle pain. Antifungal therapy is the primary treatment for fungal infection-induced pulmonary nodules. Commonly used antifungal agents include itraconazole capsules and fluconazole capsules, which should be used under medical supervision.

3. Pulmonary manifestations

These are usually difficult to distinguish from bacterial pneumonia. Patients may present with fever, cough, white sticky sputum, accompanied by chills, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and blood-tinged sputum. Treatment under physician guidance may include antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin capsules, acetyl spiramycin tablets, and norfloxacin capsules.

In addition, if the pulmonary nodule is large or shows signs of malignant transformation, surgical intervention should be considered.