Procedure for Patent Ductus Arteriosus Closure

Under normal circumstances, percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) involves puncturing the femoral artery or vein to deliver a closure device through a delivery sheath into the unclosed arterial duct, thereby helping to improve hemodynamics. The specific procedural steps are as follows:

1. Position the patient supine, disinfect the surgical site, drape with sterile towels, and administer anesthesia.

2. Puncture the femoral artery and perform aortography to determine the diameter, location, and shape of the patent ductus arteriosus.

3. Puncture the vein and insert a catheter to conduct pressure and hemodynamic measurements.

4. After completing the examination, advance a guidewire from the pulmonary artery side through the ductus arteriosus into the aorta.

5. Advance the delivery system over the guidewire and use it to deliver a 2–4 mm occluder device to the site of the PDA for closure.

6. Once the occluder's retention disk is fully deployed, retract the delivery system back to the aortic side of the PDA and secure it, ensuring the waist of the occluder is firmly seated within the ductus.

7. Ten minutes later, repeat aortography to confirm proper positioning of the occluder before releasing it.

8. Remove the delivery system and apply pressure to achieve hemostasis.

This procedure requires specialized expertise. To avoid potential harm, it should be performed under the guidance of a qualified physician. Postoperatively, adequate rest is recommended to facilitate recovery.