The premature infant has particularly severe startle reflexes.
May 12, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Ma Yan
Introduction
Excessive startle responses in premature infants may be related to physiological factors, or could result from pathological causes such as calcium deficiency or intestinal gas. In such cases, prompt medical evaluation at a hospital is necessary, along with enhanced care for the premature infant. Additionally, conditions like neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, rickets, or epilepsy may also be responsible. It is recommended to provide proper care for the premature infant and ensure adequate nutritional supplementation.
Generally, excessive startle reflexes in premature infants are often related to physiological factors, but may also be caused by pathological factors such as calcium deficiency or intestinal gas. In such cases, timely medical evaluation is necessary, along with enhanced care for the premature infant. Specific analyses are as follows:
1. Physiological Factors
When premature infants are first exposed to the external environment, they may not fully adapt to stimuli such as light and sound. Additionally, they may have difficulty adjusting to the sensation of their limbs being freely extended, which can lead to a lack of security and result in startle reflexes. This is a normal physiological phenomenon that does not require special treatment. Wrapping the infant snugly or using a sleep sack can help increase their sense of security and reduce the frequency of startle responses.
2. Pathological Factors
a. Calcium Deficiency
Calcium plays a vital role in growth and development and helps stabilize neuromuscular excitability. A deficiency in calcium can increase nervous system excitability, leading to symptoms such as muscle twitching, tremors, and convulsions. It is recommended to take calcium supplements such as calcium carbonate D3 granules, calcium lactate granules, or calcium gluconate zinc oral solution as directed by a physician. Symptoms typically improve gradually after appropriate calcium supplementation.
b. Intestinal Gas
If a premature infant consumes a large volume of milk before bedtime or if their abdomen becomes chilled during sleep, intestinal gas may develop, causing gastrointestinal discomfort, bloating, diarrhea, and consequently hyperactivity or startle reflexes. Gently massaging the abdomen in a clockwise direction and ensuring proper abdominal warmth can help alleviate these symptoms.
Other conditions such as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, rickets, or epilepsy may also cause similar symptoms. It is important to provide proper care for premature infants and ensure adequate nutritional support.
