What is the differential diagnosis for the cause of edema?

May 15, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Yang Shuwen

Introduction

Physiological edema refers to transient swelling caused by factors such as body posture and ambient temperature. Doctors diagnose this condition based on whether the patient has been standing or sitting for prolonged periods, engaging in excessive physical activity, or exposed to high temperatures. Physiological edema usually resolves spontaneously within a few hours or days, so no additional treatment or intervention is necessary.

Edema can be divided into physiological edema and pathological types such as lymphatic edema and angioedema. Depending on the underlying causes, the methods of differential diagnosis may vary. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Physiological Edema

Physiological edema refers to transient swelling caused by factors such as body posture and temperature. Doctors diagnose this type of edema based on whether the patient has been standing or sitting for prolonged periods, engaging in excessive physical activity, or exposed to high temperatures. Physiological edema typically resolves spontaneously within a few hours or days and usually does not require additional medical intervention.

2. Pathological Edema

1) Lymphatic Edema

Lymphatic edema results from dysfunction of the lymphatic system. For example, lymph node removal or lymphangitis can lead to lymphatic edema. This type of edema is usually localized to one side or a specific area and is accompanied by symptoms of impaired lymphatic return, such as local infection or fever. Treatment may include medications such as levofloxacin hydrochloride tablets or ofloxacin tablets under medical guidance. In some cases, surgical interventions such as lymphatic bypass surgery or flap transplantation may be necessary.

2) Angioedema

Angioedema occurs due to increased vascular permeability or changes in intravascular pressure. Conditions such as allergic reactions or vasculitis can cause angioedema. It is typically accompanied by signs of allergy, including skin redness, swelling, and itching, which aid in differential diagnosis. Patients may be treated with corticosteroid medications such as prednisone acetate tablets or dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection under physician supervision.

In addition to the common types mentioned above, other forms include metabolic edema and drug-induced edema. Different types of edema may present with varying clinical symptoms and diagnostic approaches. If edema occurs, it is recommended to seek medical evaluation at a hospital.

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Edema is common in summer.

In general, edema is more likely to occur in summer and may be caused by excessive fluid intake, allergies, benign prostatic hyperplasia, glomerulonephritis, or cardiac insufficiency. It can be improved through general treatments, medication, and other methods. 1. Excessive fluid intake: In hot summer weather, the body tends to sweat heavily even with slight physical activity. If large amounts of water are consumed at once, fluid may accumulate in the body.

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How to reduce leg swelling quickly

Leg edema should be treated according to the underlying cause. Because the causes of edema vary, treatment methods differ accordingly, so there is no single fastest way to eliminate it. Treatment may include elevating the affected limb, applying heat, and other measures. Leg edema may also be associated with conditions such as cirrhosis, deep venous valve insufficiency, deep vein thrombosis, hypothyroidism, and phlebitis. Patients need to go to the hospital for examination to determine the exact cause.

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What are the causes of edema?

In general, edema may be caused by factors such as the menstrual cycle, excessive fluid intake, limb compression, malnutrition, or hypothyroidism. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and receive treatment under the guidance of a physician. In daily life, one should maintain a balanced diet, reduce salt intake, engage in regular physical activity, maintain a healthy sleep schedule, and avoid staying up late and overexertion.