A hard subcutaneous lump has developed near the temple, close to the ear.

A hard subcutaneous lump near the hairline by the ear is usually caused by folliculitis, furuncles (boils), or sebaceous cysts. Patients should seek medical evaluation promptly and receive treatment under a doctor's guidance. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:

1. Folliculitis

When hair follicles near the temple area by the ear become infected with bacteria, patients may develop red, firm lumps on the skin, accompanied by tenderness upon pressure. Treatment typically involves topical application of medications such as fusidic acid cream or erythromycin ointment, as directed by a physician.

2. Furuncle (Boil)

A furuncle is a localized, pus-forming inflammatory infection of a hair follicle, resulting in a hard lump with a visible pus point on the surface. It is often associated with throbbing pain and tenderness. In such cases, topical treatments like mupirocin ointment or chlortetracycline hydrochloride ointment may be recommended by a doctor to alleviate symptoms.

3. Sebaceous Cyst

This is typically a retention cyst formed due to blocked sebum discharge in the local area. It usually presents as a firm, subcutaneous nodule with a black opening on the surface, from which contents can sometimes be expressed. Often asymptomatic, but if secondary infection occurs, it may lead to local redness, swelling, and pain. Surgical excision is generally recommended, and patients should seek timely medical care.

Besides the common causes listed above, other possible factors include lymph node enlargement, local fibroma, or preauricular sinus. Patients should seek prompt medical attention to avoid delays in diagnosis and treatment.