What causes elbow joint pain with popping sounds, and what should be done about it?

Elbow joint pain accompanied by popping sounds may be caused by trauma, bone spurs (osteophytes), elbow synovitis, or other conditions, and can be treated with physical therapy, medications, or surgical intervention. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:

1. Trauma

Trauma-induced injuries to the bones and soft tissues of the elbow joint—such as fractures, dislocations, or damage to tendons and ligaments—can disrupt the joint's structure, leading to instability. During movement, this may result in elbow pain and audible popping or cracking sounds. In such cases, patients may use cold or heat compresses to alleviate symptoms; if necessary, manual reduction may also be required.

2. Bone Spurs (Osteophytes)

When bone spurs develop in the elbow joint, patients may feel a hard, bony lump under the skin at the affected site. Joint movement may trigger pain and localized snapping or popping sounds. For severe pain, patients should follow medical advice and take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as diclofenac sodium, ibuprofen, or celecoxib. In some cases, surgical treatment may be necessary.

3. Elbow Synovitis

Synovitis of the elbow may cause local inflammatory irritation, making the surface of the articular cartilage rough. When the elbow moves, friction occurs at the affected area, resulting in pain and audible sounds. Patients should follow medical guidance and use medications such as synovitis tablets or diclofenac sodium sustained-release tablets for treatment.

In addition, other possible causes include tenosynovitis, arthritis, or intra-articular loose bodies. It is recommended that patients promptly visit an orthopedic department at a hospital for proper evaluation and diagnosis to receive appropriate treatment.