What are the symptoms of intracranial hemorrhage after hitting the head?

Sep 14, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Huang Shichang

Introduction

In general, symptoms of intracranial hemorrhage after a head injury may include headache and dizziness, impaired consciousness, coma, epidural hematoma, and intracerebral hematoma. Patients are advised to receive symptomatic treatment as directed by their physician. Traumatic brain hemorrhage caused by head trauma, if relatively mild, usually involves cerebral contusion and laceration with minimal bleeding, and may commonly present with symptoms such as dizziness and headache.

1. Headache and Dizziness

After a head injury causing traumatic intracranial hemorrhage, if the injury is relatively mild—typically cerebral contusion or laceration—there may be minor bleeding, commonly presenting with symptoms such as dizziness and headache. Patients may take medications such as estazolam tablets or alprazolam tablets under medical supervision.

2. Impaired Consciousness

If the occipital region suffers trauma, intracranial hemorrhage in the frontal or temporal lobes may occur, often involving a larger volume of blood. Clinical manifestations may include varying degrees of impaired consciousness, mental disturbances, and personality changes. Treatment may include tranexamic acid injection or glycerol fructose injection, administered under medical guidance.

3. Coma

In cases of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage affecting critical areas such as the thalamus or brainstem, respiratory and circulatory functions may be compromised. Symptoms may include coma, unilateral pupillary dilation, and unstable vital signs in some patients, potentially endangering life. It is recommended that patients seek immediate medical attention and receive treatment with medications such as naloxone hydrochloride injection or nalmefene hydrochloride injection under medical supervision.

4. Epidural Hematoma

A classic symptom of epidural hematoma is progressive impairment of consciousness. In mild primary brain injuries, patients may initially remain conscious after injury but later lapse into unconsciousness. In more severe cases, patients may experience immediate coma, followed by a brief period of lucidity and then a second coma. Those with severe brain injury may remain in a persistent coma. Additional symptoms may include dizziness and vomiting, indicative of increased intracranial pressure. Treatment options include oxaliplatin-mannitol injection or tranexamic acid tablets, used under medical supervision.

5. Intracerebral Hematoma

Intracerebral hematomas often coexist with complex subdural hematomas; thus, their symptoms are similar, including severe impairment of consciousness and elevated intracranial pressure. In severe cases, brain herniation may occur. Patients may take medications such as nimodipine tablets or estazolam tablets under medical guidance.

If a patient experiences any discomfort following a head injury, prompt medical evaluation is recommended to avoid delays in diagnosis and treatment.

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