How to read a complete blood count (CBC) test report

Oct 26, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Liu Feng

Introduction

The complete blood count (CBC) report evaluates indicators such as red blood cells, white blood cells, neutrophils, platelets, and hemoglobin. Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen to various parts of the body. The red blood cell count provides doctors with information about blood disorders such as anemia and polycythemia vera. The normal red blood cell range for adult males is 4.0–5.5×10^12/L.

Under normal circumstances, a routine blood test report is interpreted by examining indicators such as red blood cells, white blood cells, neutrophils, platelets, and hemoglobin. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Red Blood Cells (RBC): Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen to various parts of the body. RBC count provides doctors with information about blood disorders such as anemia or polycythemia vera. The normal RBC range for adult males is 4.0–5.5 × 10¹²/L, and for adult females, it is 3.5–5.0 × 10¹²/L.

2. White Blood Cells (WBC): White blood cells are part of the immune system and help fight infections and diseases. WBC count can help determine whether an infection or inflammation is present. The normal WBC range for adults is 3.5–9.5 × 10⁹/L.

3. Neutrophils: Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell primarily responsible for defending against bacterial infections. Neutrophil count helps assess the status of the immune system and its ability to respond to infections. In adults, the normal neutrophil percentage ranges from 50% to 70%, with an absolute count of (1.5–8.0) × 10⁹/L.

4. Platelets: Platelets play a key role in blood clotting and preventing bleeding. Platelet count can help detect tendencies for bleeding or clotting disorders. The normal platelet count typically ranges from 100 × 10⁹/L to 300 × 10⁹/L.

5. Hemoglobin: Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Hemoglobin concentration provides important information about anemia. The normal range is generally 120–160 g/L for adult males and 110–150 g/L for adult females.

If any of the above indicators are abnormal, it is recommended to promptly identify the underlying cause and initiate appropriate treatment.

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