What does Western blotting detect?

If high-risk factors are pre-existing medical conditions (such as hypertension or diabetes) or maternal age over 35, assessment usually begins around 12 weeks of gestation. At this time, fetal development can be evaluated via ultrasound, and hormone levels can be monitored through blood tests, allowing early detection of potential problems affecting fetal health and providing time for subsequent interventions.

For pregnant women with smooth pregnancy progression, normal NT results, and no other complications, the routine prenatal examination schedule includes a detailed anomaly scan via ultrasound between 20 and 24 weeks of gestation as a key assessment point. This examination allows comprehensive evaluation of fetal organ development and detection of structural abnormalities. At this stage, the fetus is of moderate size and amniotic fluid volume is adequate, enabling clear visualization of developmental details. This scan complements the earlier NT scan, together providing阶段性 monitoring throughout pregnancy.

Butterfly vertebra is a relatively rare spinal developmental anomaly, typically referring to incomplete fusion of the middle portion of the vertebral body, resulting in a shape resembling butterfly wings. When a butterfly vertebra is detected during a four-dimensional examination, timely specialist consultation is required, along with further diagnostic tests, assessment of spinal development, formulation of an individualized intervention plan, and regular follow-up monitoring. If associated with other severe malformations, additional evaluation is necessary.

In general, physiological changes in the ovaries refer to non-pathological structural or functional alterations that occur during the normal menstrual cycle. If discomfort or abnormal symptoms arise, timely medical consultation is recommended. Regular gynecological examinations are important to differentiate physiological changes from pathological conditions, using methods such as ultrasound. Upon detection of cystic or solid ovarian structures, excessive anxiety should be avoided.

To differentiate between benign and malignant adnexal cysts, a comprehensive evaluation is required based on ultrasound characteristics, growth rate, clinical symptoms, tumor markers, and age factors. A single indicator cannot provide a definitive diagnosis; therefore, multidimensional assessment is necessary to improve diagnostic accuracy. After detection of an adnexal cyst, regular follow-up examinations should be conducted as recommended by a physician to dynamically monitor changes in the cyst. In daily life, maintain a regular作息 (sleep-wake cycle) and avoid excessive fatigue.

Tests for colorectal cancer include fecal occult blood test, colonoscopy, tumor marker detection, imaging examinations, and digital rectal examination. A comprehensive evaluation through these multidimensional tests can confirm diagnosis and assess disease status. If symptoms such as rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, or changes in bowel habits occur, timely medical evaluation is recommended. The fecal occult blood test, which detects hidden microscopic blood in the stool, is a commonly used method for early screening.

In general, mixed echogenicity in the adnexal region refers to ultrasound findings in the ovarian or fallopian tube area that show features of both solid tissue and cystic structures. Upon detection of mixed echogenicity in the adnexa, avoid self-diagnosis or excessive anxiety; instead, follow your doctor's recommendations for follow-up examinations (such as repeat ultrasound after a certain interval) or additional tests.

Even if the 4D ultrasound shows no abnormalities, it is still recommended to undergo a fetal echocardiogram according to standard prenatal guidelines. The two examinations focus on different aspects: 4D ultrasound emphasizes overall fetal structural screening, while fetal echocardiography focuses on detailed cardiac anatomy and functional assessment, enabling the detection of heart problems that may be missed by 4D ultrasound. If there are high-risk factors or abnormal findings during pregnancy, timely medical consultation and further evaluation are advised.