Where are the common sites of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants?

Generally, common sites of intracranial hemorrhage in premature infants include the ventricular region, subdural hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, cerebellum, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Specific details are as follows:

1. Ventricular region: One of the most common types of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants occurs in the ventricular area, likely related to the fragility of blood vessels surrounding the ventricles that are prone to injury.

2. Subdural hemorrhage: During delivery, especially in cases of abnormal fetal position, prolonged labor, or use of forceps, the bridging veins between the skull and dura mater may tear, leading to subdural hemorrhage.

3. Intracerebral hemorrhage: Premature infants have poor autoregulation of cerebral blood vessels. Under adverse conditions such as perinatal hypoxia, blood vessels within the brain parenchyma may rupture and bleed.

4. Cerebellum: When conditions such as hypoxia-ischemia or hypercapnia occur, capillary pressure in the cerebellum may increase, potentially causing vessel rupture and hemorrhage.

5. Subarachnoid hemorrhage: The blood vessels in the subarachnoid space of premature infants are also relatively fragile. In cases of birth trauma or hypoxia, blood may leak from ruptured vessels into the subarachnoid space.

In daily care, premature infants require special attention and support. Maintaining body temperature, providing appropriate nutritional support, and ensuring proper oxygen therapy are all essential measures. Additionally, parents should cooperate with healthcare providers by adhering to scheduled vaccinations and maintaining a healthy living environment, which can promote recovery and support healthy growth and development in premature infants.