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What causes chromosomal abnormalities?

Sep 22, 2024 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
In general, chromosomal abnormalities may be caused by genetic predisposition, advanced maternal age, exposure to chemical substances, viral infections, systemic lupus erythematosus, and other factors. It is important to maintain a balanced diet and ensure adequate intake of various nutrients to avoid malnutrition or excessive nutrition. Regular physical activity should also be performed to enhance physical fitness and immunity. If any discomfort or symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly.

Under normal circumstances, chromosomal abnormalities may be caused by factors such as heredity, advanced maternal age, exposure to chemical substances, viral infections, and systemic lupus erythematosus. If discomfort symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Genetic predisposition

Genetic factors are one of the major causes of chromosomal abnormalities. Individuals with a family history of chromosomal abnormalities have a relatively higher risk of having offspring with similar conditions. Genetic counseling is recommended to understand familial genetic risks, along with prenatal diagnostic measures.

2. Advanced maternal age

Advanced maternal age can lead to decreased oocyte quality and aging of spindle fibers, potentially increasing the risk of chromosomal abnormalities. Prenatal screening and diagnosis—such as amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling—are recommended to detect issues early and implement appropriate interventions.

3. Exposure to chemical substances

Chemical agents such as medications, pesticides, and hair dyes may enter the body through inhalation, diet, or skin contact, potentially causing chromosomal aberrations. It is important to avoid contact with harmful chemicals, use personal protective equipment, and minimize occupational exposure risks.

4. Viral infections

Viruses such as adenovirus and herpesvirus may affect chromosomal stability, leading to chromosomal abnormalities, often accompanied by symptoms like fever and pain. Antiviral medications such as acyclovir tablets, ganciclovir tablets, and oseltamivir phosphate capsules may be used under medical guidance to suppress viral replication and reduce chromosomal damage.

5. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Systemic lupus erythematosus may result from genetic factors, ultraviolet radiation, bacterial infections, and other causes, leading to abnormal immune function in pregnant women and exerting negative effects on fetal chromosomes. Common symptoms include fatigue and joint pain. Treatment may include medications such as prednisone acetate tablets, cyclophosphamide combination tablets, and azathioprine tablets, used under a physician's supervision.

Maintaining a balanced diet with adequate intake of essential nutrients to prevent malnutrition or overnutrition, along with regular physical activity to enhance physical fitness and immunity, is also recommended in daily life.

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