What causes elevated cardiac enzymes?

Under normal circumstances, elevated myocardial enzymes may be associated with factors such as intense physical exercise, late pregnancy, myocarditis, cardiac trauma, and acute myocardial infarction. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and receive appropriate treatments—such as general supportive measures or medication—under the guidance of a physician. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Intense Physical Exercise

During intense exercise, the heart requires more oxygen and energy, which may cause minor damage to myocardial cells. This can lead to the release of small amounts of myocardial enzymes into the bloodstream, resulting in elevated levels. Adequate rest is necessary, avoiding consecutive high-intensity workouts to ensure full recovery.

2. Late Pregnancy

Pregnant women experience increased cardiac workload, especially during labor, when the heart must endure additional stress. This may lead to mild elevations in myocardial enzymes. Regular prenatal check-ups and monitoring of cardiac health are recommended.

3. Myocarditis

Myocarditis can be caused by infections, autoimmune conditions, or physical and chemical factors. During myocarditis, viruses or immune responses damage myocardial cells, leading to leakage of myocardial enzymes into the blood and subsequent elevation. This condition is often accompanied by symptoms such as fever, palpitations, chest tightness, and fatigue. Treatment may include medications such as creatine phosphate sodium for injection, coenzyme Q10 capsules, and ganciclovir for injection, used as directed by a physician.

4. Cardiac Trauma

Physical injury to the heart, such as penetrating wounds or blunt trauma, can cause rupture of myocardial cells and release of myocardial enzymes into the bloodstream, leading to elevated levels. This is typically accompanied by symptoms including chest pain, bleeding, and shock. Emergency surgical intervention is usually required to repair cardiac damage, along with hemostatic drugs and supportive care to stabilize vital signs.

5. Acute Myocardial Infarction

Factors such as excessive fatigue, emotional stress, heavy smoking, and cold exposure may trigger acute myocardial infarction. Blockage of coronary arteries can lead to ischemia and necrosis of myocardial tissue, causing a large amount of myocardial enzymes to be released into the blood, resulting in a sharp rise in enzyme levels. Symptoms commonly include chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, and sweating. Medications such as aspirin tablets, nitroglycerin tablets, and clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablets may be used as prescribed by a doctor.

In daily life, it is important to avoid intense physical activity, maintain proper rest, and promote overall heart health.