What causes sudden pain in the calf?
Oct 08, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Chen Jian
Introduction
Under normal circumstances, the calf—the bulging part at the back of the lower leg—refers to the gastrocnemius muscle. Pain in the calf's gastrocnemius muscle may be caused by muscle fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle strain, varicose veins, lumbar disc herniation, or other conditions. If discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. In daily life, one should maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise, a balanced diet, and adequate sleep.
Under normal circumstances, the calf refers to the posterior and bulging part of the lower leg, specifically the gastrocnemius muscle. Pain in the gastrocnemius may be caused by muscle fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle strain, varicose veins, lumbar disc herniation, or other conditions. If discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:
1. Muscle Fatigue
Prolonged walking, running, or other leg activities can lead to overuse of the calf muscles, resulting in lactic acid buildup and a sensation of soreness. Adequate rest should be taken, and applying a hot water bag, warm towel, or heated salt pack to the affected muscle can improve blood circulation and relieve muscle spasms and pain.
2. Muscle Cramps
Muscle cramps occur due to sudden, involuntary strong contractions of the muscle. Common causes include calcium deficiency, cold exposure, and intense physical exercise. Immediately stop activity and stretch and massage the affected muscle. In daily life, maintain warmth and avoid strenuous exercise.
3. Muscle Strain
During intense exercise or with improper posture, calf muscles may become overstretched or torn, causing pain. Rest is important, and after the acute phase, physical therapy and rehabilitation exercises should be performed under medical guidance.
4. Varicose Veins
Long periods of standing or heavy physical labor may trigger varicose veins, leading to impaired venous return and blood pooling in the veins, which causes calf pain. Symptoms often include leg heaviness and visible vein protrusion. Medications such as diosmin tablets, sodium aescinate tablets, or xuesaitong soft capsules may be used under medical supervision.
5. Lumbar Disc Herniation
Lumbar disc degeneration or trauma can result in lumbar disc herniation, compressing nerve roots and causing radiating pain down the leg. This condition is often accompanied by lower back pain and sciatica. Treatment may include medications such as Gentongping granules, diclofenac sodium sustained-release tablets, or mannitol injection, as prescribed by a physician.
In daily life, maintaining a healthy lifestyle—including regular exercise, balanced nutrition, and sufficient sleep—is recommended.
