Can syphilis be transmitted to family members?

Generally, syphilis can be transmitted to family members if there is unprotected sexual contact with an infected individual or direct exposure to the patient's blood or bodily fluids. However, ordinary daily interactions such as sharing utensils, hugging, or handshaking typically do not transmit the infection. If any symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly and undergo standardized treatment under a doctor's guidance. The detailed explanation is as follows:

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium *Treponema pallidum*. Its main transmission routes include sexual contact, blood transmission, and mother-to-child transmission. Family members may become infected through direct contact with the patient's blood or by sharing personal hygiene items, especially when the infected individual is in a highly contagious stage, such as primary or secondary syphilis. Patients diagnosed with syphilis can be treated under medical supervision using medications such as doxycycline hydrochloride tablets, probenecid tablets, and penicillin V potassium tablets.

However, transmission of syphilis through everyday casual contact is uncommon. As long as family members avoid direct contact with the patient's blood or bodily fluids and maintain proper personal hygiene and protective measures, the risk of transmitting syphilis within the household remains low. Moreover, after effective treatment, the number of *Treponema pallidum* bacteria in the patient's body gradually decreases, significantly reducing their infectivity.

In daily life, it is important to maintain a balanced diet, avoid excessively greasy or spicy foods, practice good personal hygiene, engage in moderate physical activity, ensure adequate sleep, and enhance overall immune function.