How to remove spots on the face

Generally, facial spots may be caused by factors such as ultraviolet (UV) exposure, improper use of cosmetics, lack of sleep, eczema, melasma, and other conditions. Treatments such as photorejuvenation, laser therapy, chemical peels, or medication can be used under the guidance of a physician. It is recommended to visit a reputable medical facility and undergo procedures under professional medical supervision to ensure both effectiveness and safety. Detailed analysis is as follows:

1. UV Exposure

Individuals who frequently work outdoors or have prolonged sun exposure may experience stimulation of melanocytes in the skin due to UV radiation, leading to excessive melanin production and the formation of facial spots. It is advisable to take proper sun protection measures, including timely reapplication of sunscreen during outdoor activities. Photorejuvenation treatment may also be performed under medical guidance. This procedure uses specific broad-spectrum colored light to selectively target pigmented areas, breaking down pigment and improving skin brightness and dullness. The typical reference cost for photorejuvenation is 1,000–3,000 yuan per session. Improvement is usually observed within 1–3 days, although side effects such as dry skin or redness may occur.

2. Improper Use of Cosmetics

Long-term use of cosmetics containing heavy metals such as lead or mercury may lead to metal deposition in the skin, manifesting as facial spots. It is recommended to choose reliable, high-quality cosmetics and ensure thorough makeup removal. Laser therapy, conducted under a doctor’s advice, can also be effective. This treatment uses photothermal effects to break down pigmentation into smaller particles that are then naturally eliminated through metabolism. The typical reference cost for laser therapy ranges from 1,000 to 5,000 yuan per session, with noticeable improvement generally seen within 7–10 days. However, adverse reactions such as skin burns or blisters may occur.

3. Sleep Deprivation

Chronic late-night habits may disrupt hormonal balance, increasing melanocyte activity and resulting in facial spots. It is recommended to create a quiet and comfortable sleeping environment and adopt relaxation techniques before bedtime—such as reading or listening to soft music—to promote sleep and avoid long-term sleep deprivation. Chemical peels may also be considered under medical advice. This involves applying chemical agents like salicylic acid or fruit acids to the face to promote exfoliation of the epidermal keratin layer, accelerate skin turnover, and thereby lighten pigmentation and improve skin texture. The typical reference cost for chemical peels is 300–1,000 yuan per session, with visible improvement usually occurring within 1–2 weeks. Possible side effects include redness and stinging.

4. Eczema

Eczema may be associated with genetic factors or immune system abnormalities. Inflammatory mediators can stimulate melanocytes to produce excess melanin, leading to the appearance of pigmented spots. Symptoms often include erythema and swelling. Treatment under medical supervision may include topical medications such as desonide cream, erythromycin ointment, or calamine lotion.

5. Melasma

Melasma, often triggered by genetic predisposition or hormonal changes, causes facial hyperpigmentation appearing as dark spots. Symptoms may include patchy discoloration or butterfly-shaped pigmentation across the cheeks. Treatment should follow medical advice and may involve topical applications such as vitamin E cream, azelaic acid cream, or tretinoin cream.

In daily life, it is important to maintain sun protection by using sunscreen with a high SPF value and to supplement with vitamins C and E appropriately, which helps support healthy skin condition.