What causes swelling of the flesh next to the big toenail, and what should I do?
Nov 14, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Chen Jian
Introduction
In general, swelling of the tissue next to the big toenail may be caused by excessive friction, allergic reactions, trauma, paronychia, onychomycosis, or other factors, and treatment should be based on the specific situation. It is also important to maintain foot hygiene daily to prevent worsening of the infection. Additionally, avoid standing for long periods or prolonged walking to allow the feet to rest adequately.
In general, swelling of the skin next to the big toenail may be caused by excessive friction, allergic reactions, trauma, paronychia, or onychomycosis, and treatment should be based on the specific condition.
1. Excessive friction: Prolonged walking, running, or wearing ill-fitting shoes (e.g., shoes that are too small or made of stiff material) can cause excessive friction between the skin next to the big toenail and the shoe, leading to an inflammatory reaction with redness, swelling, and pain. It is recommended to wear comfortable and properly fitting shoes to avoid continued friction.
2. Allergic reaction: Contact with potential allergens such as new socks, shoes, or nail polish may irritate the skin next to the toenail, triggering an allergic reaction characterized by redness, swelling, itching, and possibly blisters or rashes. It is recommended to use medications such as hydrocortisone ointment or loratadine tablets under a doctor's guidance to relieve symptoms.
3. Trauma: After experiencing impact, compression, or friction injuries to the big toe, the soft tissue next to the toenail may be damaged, causing rupture of capillaries and resulting in swelling and pain. Immediate ice application is recommended after injury. If swelling does not worsen within 24-48 hours, warm compresses can be applied to promote blood circulation and absorption of bruising.
4. Paronychia: Long-term wearing of pointed-toe or overly tight shoes can continuously compress the toes, making paronychia more likely. In the early stages of inflammation, local redness, swelling, and pain are common; as the condition progresses, pus may develop. It is recommended to use medications such as mupirocin ointment or amoxicillin capsules under a doctor's guidance for treatment.
5. Onychomycosis: Onychomycosis is a nail disease caused by fungal infection. If the fungal infection is not effectively controlled, it may spread to the skin surrounding the nail, causing inflammation and swelling of the tissue next to the nail. It is recommended to use antifungal medications such as miconazole nitrate cream or ciclopirox cream under a doctor's guidance.
In daily life, it is also important to maintain foot hygiene to prevent worsening of infection. Additionally, avoid prolonged standing or walking to allow the feet sufficient rest.
