What antidiabetic medications should be taken for high blood sugar?

　　Genetics, unhealthy lifestyle habits, and other factors may cause high blood sugar. Generally, patients with high blood sugar may need to take hypoglycemic medications such as dapagliflozin tablets, acarbose tablets, glimepiride tablets, metformin hydrochloride tablets, and sitagliptin phosphate tablets under a doctor's guidance for treatment. A detailed explanation is as follows:

　　1. Dapagliflozin Tablets: Dapagliflozin belongs to the SGLT2 inhibitor class of drugs. It lowers blood glucose levels by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the kidneys and increasing glucose excretion in urine.

　　2. Acarbose Tablets: Acarbose is an α-glucosidase inhibitor that delays carbohydrate digestion and absorption in the intestines, thereby reducing post-meal blood glucose peaks.

　　3. Glimepiride Tablets: Glimepiride belongs to the sulfonylurea class of drugs. It lowers blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells and increasing insulin levels.

　　4. Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets: Metformin lowers blood glucose by increasing glucose uptake and utilization in muscle tissue and reducing glucose production in the liver.

　　5. Sitagliptin Phosphate Tablets: Sitagliptin belongs to the DPP-4 inhibitor class. It reduces the degradation of glucagon-like peptide-1, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.

　　Patients with high blood sugar should choose low-calorie, low-fat, and low-sugar foods such as vegetables, fruits, oats, and whole grains, which can help regulate blood glucose levels. At the same time, they should avoid consuming high-calorie, high-sugar, or high-fat foods.