How to determine if the flu has caused pneumonia
Mar 04, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Ren Yi
Introduction
Influenza, also known as the flu, can be assessed for possible pneumonia complications through observation of symptoms such as coughing and difficulty breathing, along with blood tests including complete blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin levels, chest X-ray or CT scan5, as well as sputum or blood cultures. In daily life, it is important to maintain a healthy lifestyle, improve dietary habits, enhance physical fitness, and reduce the risk of illness.
Influenza, commonly known as the flu, can be assessed for possible pneumonia complications through observation of cough and difficulty breathing, complete blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin tests, chest X-ray or CT scan, sputum culture, or blood culture. If any abnormalities are detected, prompt medical attention is recommended. Detailed explanations are as follows:
1. Observation of cough and difficulty breathing
Influenza typically causes coughing, but if the cough becomes severe and persistent, particularly accompanied by sputum production, difficulty breathing, or increased respiratory rate, it may indicate pneumonia. Pneumonia causes inflammation and exudation in lung tissues, affecting respiratory function and leading to these symptoms.
2. Complete blood count (CBC)
By measuring indicators such as white blood cell count and neutrophil percentage in the blood, a CBC can provide an initial assessment of whether an infection is present. These indicators often increase in cases of pneumonia.
3. C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin tests
CRP and procalcitonin levels reflect systemic inflammatory responses. These markers typically rise in infectious diseases such as pneumonia.
4. Chest X-ray or CT scan
This is a direct and accurate diagnostic method for pneumonia. Using X-ray or CT imaging, signs such as inflammatory infiltration or consolidation shadows in the lungs—typical features of pneumonia—can be clearly visualized.
5. Sputum culture or blood culture
By culturing a patient's sputum or blood sample, the specific pathogen causing pneumonia can be identified. This information can guide antibiotic selection and formulation of the treatment plan.
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, improving dietary habits, engaging in appropriate physical exercise, and enhancing overall physical fitness are important in daily life to reduce the risk of illness.
