What should be done for hypothyroidism in pregnant women?

Generally, hypothyroidism in pregnant women may be caused by hormonal changes during pregnancy, insufficient iodine intake, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, viral thyroiditis, hypothalamic-pituitary hypofunction, and other factors. General treatment and medication can help improve the condition. Prompt medical consultation and following medical advice for treatment are necessary. Details are as follows:

1. Hormonal changes during pregnancy: During pregnancy, hormone levels in the body change, which may affect thyroid function and inhibit the secretion of thyroid hormones, leading to hypothyroidism. Pregnant women should undergo regular thyroid function tests to ensure thyroid hormone levels remain within the normal range.

2. Insufficient iodine intake: Both pregnant women and the fetus require increased thyroid hormones to maintain normal physiological functions, thus increasing the demand for iodine. If a pregnant woman's diet is unbalanced and iodine intake is insufficient during pregnancy, it may lead to inadequate thyroid hormone synthesis, resulting in hypothyroidism. Pregnant women should adjust their diet to increase iodine intake by consuming iodine-rich foods such as kelp, nori, and sea fish.

3. Hashimoto's thyroiditis: Hashimoto's thyroiditis causes destruction of thyroid cells and reduces the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. During pregnancy, due to changes in the immune system, Hashimoto's thyroiditis may affect the mother's thyroid function and potentially have adverse effects on fetal growth and development. Thyroid hormone levels should be regulated under a doctor's guidance using medications such as levothyroxine sodium tablets, methimazole tablets, and propylthiouracil tablets.

4. Viral thyroiditis: Viral infections affecting the thyroid during pregnancy may damage thyroid tissue, thereby impacting the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones. Additionally, the infection may trigger an immune response, further worsening thyroid damage and symptoms of hypothyroidism. Neck pain may occur. Antiviral medications such as antiviral granules, ribavirin tablets, and acyclovir tablets should be used under medical supervision for antiviral treatment.

5. Hypothalamic-pituitary hypofunction: If a pregnant woman suffers from hypothalamic-pituitary hypofunction, it may lead to reduced secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone, thereby affecting the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones and causing hypothyroidism during pregnancy. Headaches may occur. Treatment under medical guidance with medications such as progesterone capsules, hydrocortisone acetate tablets, and vitamin B6 tablets is recommended.

During treatment, attention should be paid to adjusting lifestyle and dietary habits to promote recovery from the condition.