What causes left abdominal pain in females?

Generally, left abdominal pain in females may be caused by factors such as ovulation pain, menstrual-related pain, left adnexal inflammation, left ovarian cyst, or left ureteral stones. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention to identify the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment under a doctor's guidance. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Ovulation Pain: During ovulation, the follicle ruptures and releases a small amount of fluid that may irritate the peritoneum, causing brief dull or distending pain on the left side of the abdomen, lasting for several hours to 1-2 days. Resting, avoiding strenuous activity, and applying heat to the abdomen can help relieve discomfort; usually, no specific treatment is required.

2. Menstrual-related Pain: Uterine contractions during menstruation or obstructed menstrual blood discharge may cause referred pain on the left side of the abdomen, which typically subsides after menstruation ends. Keeping the abdomen warm, avoiding cold or raw foods, drinking warm brown sugar ginger tea, and applying heat patches to the abdomen can help alleviate pain during menstruation.

3. Left Adnexal Inflammation: Infection of the left fallopian tube or ovary causes inflammation, presenting as persistent pain on the left side of the abdomen, possibly accompanied by fever and increased vaginal discharge. Patients may follow medical advice to take medications such as Cefixime capsules, Metronidazole tablets, or Gangxueteng capsules. Sexual activity should be avoided during treatment, and personal hygiene should be maintained.

4. Left Ovarian Cyst: When the cyst is large, it may pull surrounding tissues or undergo torsion, causing severe pain on the left side of the abdomen, possibly accompanied by nausea and vomiting. If the cyst is small and asymptomatic, regular follow-up is recommended. Surgery, such as ovarian cystectomy, is required in cases of torsion or rupture to preserve ovarian function, followed by postoperative anti-infective treatment.

5. Left Ureteral Stone: Stones blocking the ureter cause severe cramping pain on the left side of the abdomen, which may radiate to the perineal area, accompanied by frequent urination and hematuria. Patients may follow medical advice to take medications such as Diclofenac Sodium Sustained-release tablets, Lithiasis Granules, or Tamsulosin Hydrochloride Sustained-release capsules. For larger stones, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy may be performed to fragment the stones and promote their expulsion.

If left abdominal pain persists or worsens in females, timely medical evaluation is necessary. Maintaining a regular diet, avoiding excessive fatigue, and practicing good hygiene can help reduce the risk of gynecological and urinary system diseases.