What causes endometrial polyps?
Jul 17, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Lu
Introduction
Under normal circumstances, endometrial polyps may be caused by factors such as hormonal fluctuations, aging, obesity, chronic endometritis, or submucosal uterine fibroids. If discomfort occurs, prompt medical attention is recommended. In daily life, it is important to maintain cleanliness and dryness of the vulva to avoid gynecological infections, and to avoid strenuous exercise and excessive fatigue during menstruation.
Generally, endometrial polyps may be caused by factors such as hormonal fluctuations, aging, obesity, chronic endometritis, and submucosal uterine fibroids. If discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed explanations are as follows:
1. Hormonal Fluctuations
Prolonged high levels of estrogen or relatively insufficient progesterone in the body can stimulate excessive proliferation of the endometrium, leading to the formation of polyps. A balanced diet should be maintained daily, reducing the intake of foods rich in estrogen. Regular sleep patterns should also be maintained to avoid endocrine disorders. Hormone levels can be regulated under medical guidance when necessary.
2. Aging
With increasing age, women's ovarian function gradually declines, and the ability of endocrine regulation diminishes, making the endometrium prone to abnormal proliferation and increasing the risk of polyps. Regular gynecological examinations are necessary for early detection and early intervention. Appropriate mild exercises like yoga or brisk walking can enhance physical resistance and delay organ function decline.
3. Obesity
In obese women, aromatase in fat tissues can convert androgens into estrogen, causing elevated estrogen levels in the body, which stimulates excessive proliferation of the endometrium and leads to polyp formation. Patients need to lose weight through dietary control and increased physical activity to reduce estrogen levels in the body.
Long-term inflammatory stimulation can cause local endometrial tissue proliferation and form polyps, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as increased vaginal discharge and lower abdominal pressure. Antibiotics should be used under medical guidance, such as metronidazole tablets, doxycycline hydrochloride tablets, azithromycin dispersible tablets, etc. Personal hygiene should also be emphasized, keeping the vulva clean, avoiding unhygienic sexual activity, and reducing recurrence of inflammation.
5. Submucosal Uterine Fibroids
Some submucosal fibroids can affect the normal metabolism and repair of the endometrium, stimulating local endometrial proliferation and forming polyps, which may manifest as increased menstrual flow and prolonged menstruation. Under medical guidance, drugs that reduce fibroid size can be used, such as mifepristone tablets, danazol capsules, and triptolide capsules. Regular gynecological ultrasound examinations should be conducted to monitor changes in fibroids and polyps. If symptoms are significant, surgical treatment should be followed as per medical advice.
In daily life, maintaining vulvar cleanliness and dryness to avoid gynecological infections is important; strenuous exercise and excessive fatigue should be avoided during menstruation; and regular gynecological check-ups should be conducted following medical advice.
