How is a semen analysis performed?

Generally, semen analysis is an important method for evaluating male fertility. The process mainly includes three parts: preparation before the test, specimen collection, and laboratory examination. Detailed steps are as follows:

Prior to the test, it is necessary to abstain from ejaculation for 2–7 days. During this period, patients should avoid alcohol consumption, strenuous exercise, and taking medications that may affect sperm quality to ensure accurate results. Specimen collection is usually performed in a hospital's dedicated semen collection room through masturbation. A sterile container provided by the hospital must be used—ordinary condoms should not be used. The entire ejaculate must be collected, promptly sent for examination after collection, maintained at approximately 37°C, and contamination must be avoided. Laboratory tests include evaluations of appearance, liquefaction time, semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, and morphology. If initial results are abnormal, retesting is usually required after an interval of 1–2 weeks to exclude possible偶然 factors.

Semen analysis results should be interpreted comprehensively in conjunction with clinical findings. Following medical advice to properly prepare before testing is crucial for ensuring reliable results. Individuals with fertility plans or suspected fertility issues are advised to visit a reputable hospital's andrology department or reproductive center promptly for examination, providing a basis for subsequent diagnosis and treatment.