What causes endometrial thickening?

Aug 19, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Zhang Lu

Introduction

Abnormal proliferation of endometrial glands and stroma leads to significant thickening of the endometrium. Some cases exhibit cellular atypia and often present with oligomenorrhea or heavy bleeding after amenorrhea. Some types have a tendency toward malignancy. Treatment should be administered under a physician's guidance using medications such as Megestrol Acetate Dispersible Tablets, Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate Injection, and Compound Megestrol Acetate Tablets.

Endometrial thickening may be caused by the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, endocrine disorders, endometrial polyps, or endometrial hyperplasia. If abnormalities occur, timely medical attention is recommended. Detailed explanations are as follows:

1. Secretory Phase of the Menstrual Cycle: During the menstrual cycle, estrogen secreted by the ovaries promotes endometrial proliferation. During the secretory phase, the endometrium further thickens to provide a suitable environment for embryo implantation. This is a normal physiological process. No special treatment is required, and the endometrium naturally sheds and thins after menstruation.

2. Pregnancy: After conception, embryonic trophoblastic cells secrete hormones that maintain continued endometrial thickening to support embryonic development and ensure normal progression of pregnancy. This is a physiological change. Regular prenatal examinations are sufficient, and no treatment for endometrial thickening is necessary.

3. Endocrine Disorders: Prolonged high estrogen levels or insufficient progesterone can cause the endometrium to be stimulated solely by estrogen, leading to excessive proliferation, often presenting with menstrual irregularities, prolonged menstruation, or increased menstrual flow. Treatment may involve the use of dydrogesterone tablets, medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets, or progesterone soft capsules under a doctor's guidance to antagonize estrogen and regulate endometrial thickness by supplementing progesterone.

4. Endometrial Polyps: Under the influence of estrogen, localized endometrial tissue overgrows and forms polyps, causing overall endometrial thickening and an uneven morphology. This is often accompanied by abnormal uterine bleeding or prolonged menstruation. Polyps can generally be removed via hysteroscopy, and doctors may recommend postoperative use of levonorgestrel tablets, drospirenone ethinylestradiol tablets, or progesterone capsules.

5. Endometrial Hyperplasia: Abnormal proliferation of endometrial glands and stroma leads to significant endometrial thickening, with some cases exhibiting cellular atypia. It often presents with oligomenorrhea, heavy bleeding after amenorrhea, and certain types may carry a risk of malignancy. Treatment requires the use of medroxyprogesterone acetate dispersible tablets, hydroxyprogesterone caproate injection, or compound medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets under a doctor's guidance.

In daily life, maintaining a regular sleep schedule, avoiding excessive weight gain, and reducing intake of exogenous hormones are recommended. Regular gynecological examinations are important, especially when abnormal bleeding occurs, and prompt medical attention should be sought for accurate diagnosis and early intervention.

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What is the normal thickness of the endometrium during the ovulation period?

Under normal circumstances, an endometrial thickness of 8-12 mm during the ovulation period is considered normal. It is important to regularly monitor whether the menstrual cycle is regular. If abnormalities such as unusual menstrual flow or prolonged menstruation occur, timely medical evaluation is necessary. Maintain a regular sleep schedule and avoid staying up late, as this can affect hormone levels. Eat a balanced diet and reduce the intake of spicy and irritating foods to provide a healthy environment for the endometrium.

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Why is my menstrual period delayed by more than ten days if I'm not pregnant?

Under normal circumstances, a menstrual delay of ten days or so without pregnancy may be caused by factors such as chronic mental anxiety, excessive dieting for weight loss, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hyperprolactinemia, thin endometrium, and others. It is recommended to seek timely medical consultation to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment under a doctor's guidance. Additionally, maintaining regular作息 (作息 should be translated as "daily routines") and avoiding excessive fatigue are advised in daily life.

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How long does it take for a fertilized egg to implant?

Under normal circumstances, it usually takes 6-8 days for the fertilized egg to complete implantation after its formation. The exact timing can be influenced by factors such as the development speed of the fertilized egg, fallopian tube function, and the condition of the endometrium. There may be slight individual variations, but most fall within this time range. In daily life, individuals preparing for pregnancy do not need to deliberately monitor the implantation timing, as excessive focus on it may instead increase psychological stress.

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What does it mean when a fertilized egg implants?

Under normal circumstances, embryo implantation refers to the process after fertilization, where the fertilized egg undergoes a certain period of cell division and development in the fallopian tube, subsequently entering the uterine cavity and finding a suitable location on the endometrium through a series of complex physiological processes. Additionally, it is important to maintain a positive mindset and avoid excessive anxiety during the implantation period; consumption of spicy and irritating foods should also be reduced.