Are neurofibromas always subcutaneous?

Generally, neurofibromas are not all located subcutaneously; some can grow beneath the skin, while others may involve deeper tissues or internal organs. The specific growth location is related to the type and pathogenesis of the neurofibroma. A detailed analysis is as follows:

Subcutaneous tissue is a common growth site for neurofibromas. These types of neurofibromas often present as soft, slightly firm, movable masses on or beneath the skin surface. Pressing on them may cause mild numbness or pain. Additionally, some masses may exhibit pigmentation on the overlying skin. They are commonly found on the trunk and limbs, are mostly benign, grow slowly, and exert minimal pressure on surrounding tissues.

Besides subcutaneous locations, neurofibromas can also develop in deep nerve tissues, the thoracic cavity, and the abdominal cavity. For example, they may grow along nerve trunks within deep muscle spaces or involve nerve tissues surrounding organs in areas such as the mediastinum or abdominal cavity. These deep neurofibromas are often difficult to detect in their early stages. They may compress surrounding organs or nerves, causing corresponding symptoms such as localized pain, restricted limb movement, or impaired organ function, and are usually identified through imaging examinations.

In daily life, it is important to pay attention to any lumps appearing on the body. If a lump of unknown origin appears on the skin or elsewhere in the body, especially if accompanied by discomfort such as pain or numbness, prompt medical consultation and examination are necessary to determine the nature of the lump.