What does it mean to be a hepatitis B surface antigen carrier?

Generally, an HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen) carrier refers to an individual who has been infected with the hepatitis B virus but has not yet experienced significant liver damage or inflammatory response. Detailed analysis is as follows:

Individuals who are HBsAg carriers have an existing hepatitis B virus infection and test positive for HBsAg. However, they do not show evident liver damage or inflammation, and their liver function tests usually remain within the normal range. They often do not exhibit noticeable symptoms in daily life. Although these individuals typically do not require antiviral treatment at this stage, they should still monitor the status of the virus, as it may remain dormant in the body for long periods. If immunity decreases or other triggering factors arise later, liver damage could develop. Regular check-ups are necessary to monitor disease progression.

It is recommended to undergo liver function tests, HBV-DNA quantitative testing, and liver ultrasound examinations every six months to one year to stay informed about liver and viral conditions; maintain a regular sleep schedule, avoid excessive fatigue, smoking, and alcohol consumption to reduce the burden on the liver; follow a balanced diet rich in vitamins and proteins to support liver health; and inform family members of your condition, reminding them to get vaccinated against hepatitis B. Avoid sharing personal items that might come into contact with blood in daily life to reduce the risk of transmission.