How to diagnose chronic benzene poisoning
Nov 05, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
Diagnosis of chronic benzene poisoning requires integration of occupational history investigation, clinical symptom assessment, routine blood tests, bone marrow examination, and other auxiliary examinations. If individuals have long-term exposure to benzene and experience symptoms such as fatigue and dizziness, timely medical evaluation is recommended. A detailed inquiry should be made regarding whether the patient has had prolonged exposure to benzene or benzene-containing compounds (e.g., paints, dyes), including duration and frequency of exposure.
Diagnosing chronic benzene poisoning requires a comprehensive approach, including occupational history investigation, clinical symptom assessment, routine blood tests, bone marrow examination, and other auxiliary examinations. If you have long-term exposure to benzene and experience symptoms such as fatigue or dizziness, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly.
1. Occupational History Investigation: Inquire in detail whether the patient has had prolonged exposure to benzene or benzene-containing compounds (e.g., paints, dyes), and assess the duration, frequency, mode of exposure, and protective measures taken. Occupational history serves as a critical basis for diagnosing chronic benzene poisoning.
2. Clinical Symptom Assessment: Observe whether the patient exhibits symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, pallor, gum bleeding, or skin bruising. Some patients may also experience reduced appetite or insomnia. These manifestations are often related to benzene-induced damage to the hematopoietic system.
3. Routine Blood Test: Measure peripheral blood levels of white blood cells, platelets, and red blood cells. A decreased white blood cell count is commonly seen in early stages of chronic benzene poisoning; as the condition progresses, reductions in platelets or red blood cells may also occur. This test provides key laboratory evidence for diagnosis.
4. Bone Marrow Examination: Perform bone marrow aspiration to evaluate the morphology and quantity of hematopoietic cells. Patients with chronic benzene poisoning may show abnormal bone marrow proliferation, such as impaired granulocyte maturation or reduced megakaryocytes, which helps determine the extent of hematopoietic system damage.
5. Other Auxiliary Examinations: When necessary, conduct additional tests such as blood biochemistry and coagulation function assessments to rule out other blood disorders or conditions that mimic benzene poisoning, thereby supporting an accurate diagnosis.
To prevent chronic benzene poisoning, avoid prolonged exposure to benzene-containing substances. Use proper protection (e.g., wearing masks and gloves) when exposure is unavoidable, undergo regular health check-ups to monitor blood parameters, consume a diet rich in vitamin-containing fruits and vegetables, maintain a regular lifestyle, and strengthen overall immunity.
