How should hyperlipidemia be treated?
Nov 06, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Tian Hongbo
Introduction
Hyperlipidemia usually refers to hyperlipoproteinemia. In general, treatment of hyperlipidemia requires intervention targeting the underlying cause. Common causes include genetic factors, slowed metabolism due to aging, high-fat diet, obesity, hypothyroidism, etc. It is recommended to seek timely medical attention, identify the specific cause, and then improve the condition under a doctor's guidance through general management, medication, and other approaches.
High blood lipids usually refer to hyperlipidemia. In general, treatment for hyperlipidemia should target the underlying causes. Common causes include genetic factors, age-related metabolic slowdown, high-fat diet, obesity, hypothyroidism, and others. It is recommended to seek medical attention promptly, identify the specific cause, and then improve the condition under a doctor's guidance through lifestyle modifications, medications, and other treatments. Detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Genetic factors: Patients with familial hyperlipidemia have gene abnormalities that result in inherently weaker lipid metabolism, making them prone to elevated blood lipid levels. Strict dietary control is required—limit intake of organ meats and fried foods—and regular lipid monitoring should be performed every 3–6 months.
2. Age-related metabolic slowdown: As people age, their metabolic rate declines and the body’s ability to break down lipids weakens, which can lead to lipid accumulation. Engaging in 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity exercise, such as jogging or cycling, helps promote lipid metabolism. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule and avoiding late nights is also important.
3. High-fat diet: Long-term consumption of high-cholesterol and high-fat foods exceeding the body’s metabolic capacity can lead to elevated blood lipids. Adjust the diet by increasing intake of whole grains, vegetables, and fruits. Daily fat intake should be limited to 20%–30% of total calories, and overeating should be avoided.
4. Obesity: Excess body weight leads to fat accumulation, impairing lipid metabolism and contributing to hyperlipidemia. Weight loss through balanced diet and physical activity is recommended. If weight loss is difficult, medications such as orlistat capsules, liraglutide injection, or semaglutide injection may be used under medical supervision to aid weight reduction and improve metabolism.
5. Hypothyroidism: Insufficient thyroid hormone secretion reduces metabolic rate and impairs lipid clearance, leading to hyperlipidemia. This condition is often accompanied by symptoms such as fatigue and pale complexion. Patients should take thyroid hormone replacement medications as prescribed, such as levothyroxine sodium tablets, thyroid tablets, or enteric-coated levothyroxine sodium tablets, to restore normal metabolism.
In daily life, individuals should quit smoking, limit alcohol consumption, avoid prolonged sitting, and maintain emotional stability. Medications must be taken strictly as prescribed—do not discontinue or adjust dosage without medical advice. Regular monitoring of blood lipids and liver and kidney function is essential. Comprehensive management helps control lipid levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
