What do HPV grade 1 and grade 2 mean?

HPV grade 1 and grade 2 usually refer to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 1 and 2, representing varying degrees of cervical cell abnormalities following HPV infection. Grade 1 lesions are mild and often regress spontaneously, whereas grade 2 lesions carry a risk of progression and require closer monitoring. If cervical screening indicates HPV grade 1 or 2, it is recommended to seek medical evaluation promptly to determine the appropriate management plan.

HPV grade 1 corresponds to CIN I, which is mild cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. At this stage, abnormal cervical cells are limited in extent and severity, often caused by low-risk HPV types or transient infection with high-risk HPV. Most patients do not require specific treatment, as the virus can be cleared naturally by the immune system within 1–2 years, leading to spontaneous regression of the lesion. Regular follow-up examinations are sufficient to monitor changes.

HPV grade 2 corresponds to CIN II, indicating moderate cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The extent and severity of abnormal cervical cells are more pronounced than in grade 1 and are commonly associated with persistent infection by high-risk HPV types. The likelihood of spontaneous regression is lower at this stage. Without intervention, approximately 15%–30% of cases may progress to more severe grade 3 lesions, increasing the risk of cervical cancer. Medical intervention is typically required to control disease progression.

In daily life, maintaining a regular作息 to strengthen immunity, practicing good sexual hygiene to avoid unsafe contact, reducing the risk of persistent HPV infection, undergoing regular cervical screening, and recording any abnormal symptoms are essential for effective cervical health management.