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What imaging examinations can assist in identifying the causes of depression?

Nov 17, 2025 Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Baohua
Introduction
Imaging studies that assist in identifying the causes of depression include cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cranial computed tomography (CT), functional MRI, positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), which can help rule out organic lesions or abnormal brain function. If persistent depressive symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation and complete appropriate diagnostic tests.

Imaging studies that assist in identifying the causes of depression include cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cranial computed tomography (CT), functional MRI (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). These tests help rule out organic brain lesions or abnormal brain function. If persistent depressive symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation and complete appropriate examinations.

1. Cranial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Provides clear visualization of brain structures and helps identify organic issues such as hippocampal atrophy, cerebrovascular disease, and brain tumors. These abnormalities may trigger secondary depression and offer structural evidence for etiological diagnosis.

2. Cranial Computed Tomography (CT): Rapidly detects acute or obvious structural abnormalities such as intracranial hemorrhage, infarction, or space-occupying lesions. It is suitable for patients unable to tolerate MRI and serves as an initial tool to exclude organic causes.

3. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI): Measures changes in blood oxygenation to reflect brain activity. It can detect functional abnormalities in regions such as the prefrontal cortex and amygdala in patients with depression, aiding in the assessment of the relationship between brain function and depressive symptoms.

4. Positron Emission Tomography (PET): Assesses cerebral glucose metabolism. Patients with depression may show reduced metabolic activity in specific brain regions. This test visually reveals metabolic abnormalities and provides functional evidence for causal analysis.

5. Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT): Evaluates cerebral blood flow perfusion and the distribution of neurotransmitter receptors. It can identify abnormal blood flow or receptor dysfunction in brain areas involved in emotional regulation, helping to explore the neurobiological mechanisms underlying depression.

Prior to imaging, patients should remove metal accessories and comply with procedural requirements, while maintaining emotional stability and minimizing anxiety. After the examination, follow medical advice when awaiting results and avoid self-interpretation. Maintaining regular sleep patterns will provide accurate baseline information for subsequent diagnosis and treatment.

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