What is bipolar disorder?
Nov 17, 2025
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhang Baohua
Introduction
In general, bipolar disorder is a common mental illness characterized by episodes of mania or hypomania as well as depressive episodes. Family members should create a stable and supportive living environment, help establish regular daily routines, and avoid staying up late and excessive stimulation. Encourage participation in manageable daily activities, but prevent overexertion during manic episodes.
Generally, bipolar disorder is a common mental illness characterized by episodes of mania or hypomania as well as depressive episodes. The detailed explanation is as follows:
Bipolar disorder is a category of mental disorders primarily characterized by extreme mood fluctuations. Patients experience alternating episodes of manic or hypomanic states and depressive states. During manic episodes, individuals often exhibit excessive energy, racing thoughts, rapid speech, inflated self-esteem, and may engage in impulsive behaviors such as reckless spending. In contrast, during depressive episodes, symptoms include low mood, loss of interest, fatigue, and disturbances in sleep and appetite. Transitions between these two states can occur without warning, significantly impairing daily functioning and social activities.
Family members should create a stable and supportive living environment, help establish regular routines, and avoid late nights and excessive stimulation. Encourage participation in manageable daily activities, but prevent overexertion during manic phases. Maintain a light and balanced diet, reducing intake of caffeine and alcohol. Closely monitor emotional changes, record patterns of episodes and triggering factors to assist doctors in adjusting treatment plans. Patients must adhere to medical instructions and continue treatment consistently, avoiding discontinuation of medication without guidance. Seek timely support from family, friends, or healthcare providers when experiencing emotional fluctuations.
