The Best Method for Treating Myopia

Oct 20, 2021 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Cui Xin

Introduction

1. Eyeglasses (e.g., spectacles) are primarily used for simple myopia and represent the simplest and safest corrective option. 2. Surgical treatment—such as corneal refractive surgery, specifically laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)—uses an excimer laser to reshape the cornea and thereby correct myopia. 3. Pharmacological treatment includes agents such as atropine, neostigmine, and tropicamide.

Myopia (nearsightedness) is an abnormal refractive condition in which, with the eye’s accommodative system fully relaxed, parallel light rays entering the eye are focused anterior to the retina after passing through the eye’s optical system. The primary symptom is blurred distance vision. In children and adolescents, myopia often progresses gradually and typically stabilizes after age 20. So, what are the most effective treatments for myopia? Below, we address this question.

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Most Effective Treatments for Myopia

1. Corrective Lenses

Frame-mounted spectacles are primarily used for simple myopia and represent the simplest and safest corrective option. Children diagnosed with myopia should undergo comprehensive eye examinations at least every six months to monitor progression and prevent worsening. However, prolonged wear of spectacles may exert pressure on the nasal bridge, potentially causing discomfort or minor structural effects over time. Moreover, some individuals avoid wearing spectacles due to aesthetic concerns. As an alternative, contact lenses—placed directly on the ocular surface—can also effectively correct myopia; however, strict adherence to hygiene protocols and proper lens care is essential.

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2. Surgical Intervention

Corneal refractive surgery—including laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)—uses excimer laser technology to reshape the cornea and thereby correct myopia. However, such procedures carry inherent risks, and postoperative complications or sequelae may occur. Therefore, if surgical correction is pursued, it is imperative to select a reputable, accredited medical institution to minimize potential risks. Additionally, photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), another excimer laser–based procedure, achieves myopia correction by precisely ablating the corneal epithelium and stroma. Alternatively, intraocular refractive surgery—such as implantable collamer lens (ICL) insertion—may be considered, involving the placement of an artificial intraocular lens.

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3. Pharmacological Therapy

Numerous pharmacological agents have been employed in myopia management, including atropine, neostigmine, and tropicamide. Furthermore, non-pharmacological strategies—such as the “distance-gazing method”—can support visual health: gazing into the distance helps relax the ciliary muscle and modulate lens accommodation. Thus, regular distance viewing may alleviate ocular fatigue and promote relaxation of the accommodative system. Additionally, green light, with its relatively short wavelength, tends to focus slightly anterior to the retina, producing a soothing effect on the eyes and facilitating visual recovery.

The above outlines the most effective current approaches for managing myopia. We hope this information proves helpful to you.

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Can myopia degree be reduced?

In general, whether myopia (nearsightedness) can be reduced is not universally applicable—it primarily depends on the type of myopia and the eye’s developmental status. A case-by-case analysis is required. In daily life, avoid prolonged near-vision tasks; take a 5–10 minute break every ~40 minutes of near work, looking into the distance to relax the ciliary muscle. Ensure sufficient daily outdoor activity time.