What are the symptoms of seminal vesiculitis?
Clinically, seminal vesiculitis is categorized into acute and chronic forms. Acute seminal vesiculitis is relatively rare but typically presents with an abrupt onset, accompanied by systemic symptoms and urinary tract irritation symptoms. Below, we address the specific clinical manifestations of seminal vesiculitis.

What Are the Symptoms of Seminal Vesiculitis?
Symptoms may include chills, fever, generalized body aches, or lower abdominal pain. Urinary tract irritation symptoms comprise urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, as well as perineal and rectal pain. In severe cases, hematuria may occur. Color Doppler ultrasound often reveals enlargement of the seminal vesicles. Chronic seminal vesiculitis is more commonly encountered in clinical practice and frequently presents without prominent symptoms; patients often seek medical attention upon noticing hematospermia (blood in semen). The semen may appear pink, bright red, dark red, or coffee-colored due to blood. Most patients experience no pain.
The primary cause of seminal vesiculitis is inadequate or delayed treatment of concurrent infections such as urethritis, bacterial prostatitis, or epididymitis, allowing bacteria to ascend via anatomical pathways—including the vas deferens and ejaculatory ducts—to infect the seminal vesicles. Additionally, certain medical procedures may predispose individuals to seminal vesiculitis, including prolonged indwelling urinary catheterization or post-prostatectomy complications. Less commonly, hematogenous or lymphatic spread of bacteria may also lead to infection.
For acute seminal vesiculitis, broad-spectrum antibiotics—such as cephalosporins—are recommended. Concurrent urine culture should be performed; if pathogens are isolated, antibiotic therapy should be adjusted accordingly based on sensitivity results. Typically, antimicrobial treatment is continued for 2–3 weeks. For chronic seminal vesiculitis, macrolides (e.g., azithromycin) or fluoroquinolones (e.g., levofloxacin) may be selected. In addition to antimicrobial agents, α-adrenergic blockers can help alleviate urinary symptoms, while nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be used for pain control. Adjunctive therapies for chronic seminal vesiculitis include hot sitz baths and physical therapy.
The above outlines the characteristic symptoms and management approaches for seminal vesiculitis. We hope this information is helpful to you.