What Causes Uncontrollable Nosebleeds?
Apr 21, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Xu Gang
Introduction
Persistent epistaxis (nosebleeds) may have several causes:
First, rupture of the capillary network in the Kiesselbach plexus—located in the anteroinferior portion of the nasal septum—can lead to bleeding. In such cases, applying firm pressure with the thumb of the same side to the ala nasi (nostril) for 5–10 minutes typically controls the bleeding.
Second, acute rhinitis and sinusitis can cause nasal mucosal congestion and subsequent vascular rupture with bleeding.
Some individuals may experience unexplained nosebleeds in daily life, possibly due to “excessive internal heat” (a traditional Chinese medicine concept). But what causes persistent or uncontrollable epistaxis?
What Causes Uncontrollable Nosebleeds?
Persistent epistaxis may stem from several causes: First, rupture of the capillary network in Little’s area—the anteroinferior portion of the nasal septum—can lead to bleeding. In such cases, applying firm pressure with the thumb of the same side against the affected nostril for 5–10 minutes usually stops the bleeding. If bleeding persists, seek immediate medical attention at an emergency department, where appropriate hemostatic measures will be administered. Second, acute rhinitis or sinusitis can cause nasal mucosal congestion and subsequent vascular rupture and bleeding. Treatment of the underlying rhinitis or sinusitis is essential to control bleeding. Should bleeding continue despite treatment, prompt medical evaluation and intervention are necessary.
Nasal tumors—including both benign and malignant lesions—such as nasal or paranasal sinus hemangiomas and nasopharyngeal fibrovascular polyps, may cause persistent or recurrent intermittent epistaxis. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial.
Dietary modifications are also important: avoid spicy and irritating foods; instead, consume more fresh fruits, vegetables, and vitamin-rich foods to support overall nutrition and enhance immune function. Regular outdoor physical activity is encouraged. Additionally, maintain proper local nasal hygiene—keeping the nasal area clean and dry—is essential. We hope this information proves helpful.
