How is genital herpes caused?
May 11, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wan
Introduction
Genital herpes is caused by infection with the herpes simplex virus (HSV) and is primarily transmitted through sexual contact. The most common manifestation is genital herpes: in males, lesions typically occur on the prepuce, glans penis, and shaft of the penis, whereas in females, they commonly affect the labia and clitoris. In homosexual individuals, lesions frequently involve the anus and rectum. Affected areas are usually accompanied by pruritus and pain. Antiviral therapy—typically oral acyclovir—is generally required.
Herpesviruses are extremely concerning—they can infect the genital organs, causing genital herpes, a condition that causes severe distress and discomfort. So, what causes genital herpes?
What Causes Genital Herpes?
Genital herpes is caused by infection with the herpes simplex virus (HSV), primarily transmitted through sexual contact. The most common form is genital herpes: in men, lesions typically appear on the foreskin, glans penis, or shaft of the penis; in women, they commonly occur on the labia or clitoris; and among homosexual individuals, lesions frequently develop around the anus and rectum. Affected areas are often accompanied by itching and pain. Antiviral therapy—typically oral acyclovir—is usually required. It is recommended that both partners undergo treatment simultaneously to prevent cross-infection.
Herpes infections are classified into three main types: herpes simplex, herpes zoster (shingles), and genital herpes. Herpes simplex is generally not life-threatening; however, it tends to recur. For instance, staying up late, consuming alcohol, or eating spicy foods may trigger recurrent outbreaks around the mouth or nostrils, presenting as painful vesicles on the skin. These episodes usually resolve spontaneously within several days and pose no serious health threat. Herpes zoster predominantly affects older adults and is frequently complicated by postherpetic neuralgia—a persistent, debilitating nerve pain that significantly impairs sleep quality and overall quality of life.
Genital herpes poses greater risks. As a sexually transmitted infection (STI), its primary danger lies in transmission to sexual partners, thereby contributing to STI spread. Moreover, herpes outbreaks during pregnancy increase the risk of miscarriage and fetal congenital abnormalities. We hope this information proves helpful to you!
