What causes dysmenorrhea in a 15-year-old girl?

Dysmenorrhea in 15-year-old girls may be caused by excessive prostaglandins or high levels of mental stress. Prostaglandins are secreted by the endometrium, but when produced in excess, they can cause intense spasmodic contractions of the uterine muscle fibers, resulting in pain. If prostaglandin levels rise in the endometrium before menstruation, the smooth muscle of the uterus contracts and blood vessels constrict, leading to uterine ischemia and hypoxia, which causes dysmenorrhea. Additionally, psychological tension and anxiety in daily life can also contribute to menstrual pain.