What is systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis?

Lupus nephritis is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), characterized by abnormal immune system attacks on kidney tissue, leading to impaired kidney function. Typical symptoms include proteinuria, hematuria, and edema; in severe cases, it may cause hypertension and renal failure. Approximately half of patients with SLE develop nephritis. Kidney involvement can be classified into several types, including focal proliferative and diffuse proliferative forms. Treatment typically involves immunosuppressants, anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids to control abnormal immune activity. Regular monitoring of kidney function, urine tests, and other relevant indicators is essential for early detection and timely intervention. The severity and progression of nephritis vary among individuals, and early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent further kidney damage.