How to read a fetal heart rate monitoring graph

The fetal heart rate monitoring graph primarily consists of a fetal heart rate curve and uterine contraction pressure waveform. When observing the graph, first pay attention to the fetal heart rate curve, which normally ranges between 110 and 160 beats per minute. A brief increase in fetal heart rate following fetal movement, quickly returning to baseline, indicates healthy fetal status. Next, examine the uterine contraction pressure waveform; during contractions, the waveform rises and then remains at an elevated level for a period. Additionally, observe the variability of the fetal heart rate—normal fetal heart rates should show some fluctuations. Persistent tachycardia or bradycardia, or abnormal variability, may indicate fetal hypoxia or other problems. Interpretation of the fetal heart rate monitoring graph requires comprehensive evaluation of multiple factors and should be performed by qualified healthcare professionals.