Causes of elevated direct and indirect bilirubin

Causes of elevated direct and indirect bilirubin include: 1. Physiological factors: After intense exercise, increased blood circulation may temporarily impair the liver's metabolic function, leading to elevated bilirubin levels. Excessive alcohol consumption can stimulate the liver, causing hepatocyte damage and consequently increasing bilirubin levels. 2. Disease-related factors: Liver diseases such as hepatitis and cirrhosis may impair liver function, disrupting normal bilirubin metabolism and excretion. Biliary tract diseases, including bile duct stones and biliary strictures, can obstruct the bile ducts, preventing bilirubin from being properly excreted into the intestines and resulting in its accumulation in the blood. Congenital biliary abnormalities, such as congenital biliary atresia or congenital absence of the gallbladder, can also interfere with normal bilirubin excretion. Hematologic disorders, such as hemolytic anemia and hereditary spherocytosis, lead to increased red blood cell destruction, releasing excessive bilirubin into the bloodstream.