What are the clinical manifestations of gingivitis in pregnant women?

The clinical manifestations of gingivitis in pregnant women mainly include the following aspects: 1. Local symptoms of the gums: When pregnant women develop gingivitis, the gum margins often appear bright red or dark red, with soft, shiny texture and noticeable inflammatory swelling. The gums bleed easily upon slight touch, and in severe cases, white membrane-like patches or ulcers may form locally, accompanied by mild pain. 2. Bleeding and bad breath: During gingivitis, blood vessels within the gums proliferate and become congested, leading to localized gum swelling. When stimulated—for example, during tooth brushing—bleeding is likely to occur. Bad breath (halitosis) is also commonly present. 3. Swelling and soreness: In addition to the above symptoms, pregnant women may experience local itching, swelling, and discomfort in the gums, all of which are common signs of gingivitis. 4. Contributing factors: Possible causes of gingivitis in pregnant women include vitamin C deficiency, plaque-induced gingivitis, periodontitis, irritation from dental calculus, and gingival hyperplasia. These factors can compromise gum health and lead to inflammation. When these symptoms occur, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly for appropriate treatment.