What are the treatment methods for multiple myeloma?

The treatment options for multiple myeloma mainly include the following: 1. **Drug therapy**: This includes traditional chemotherapeutic agents such as vincristine and cyclophosphamide, as well as newer targeted drugs such as bortezomib. These medications inhibit the growth and spread of tumor cells through different mechanisms. 2. **Radiation therapy**: Multiple myeloma is relatively sensitive to radiation therapy, which uses high-energy rays to kill tumor cells. 3. **Surgical treatment**: For pathologic fractures of long tubular bones, intramedullary nailing fixation surgery may be performed, and amputation may be required in severe cases. For cases causing spinal cord compression, laminectomy decompression surgery may be conducted. 4. **Stem cell transplantation**: Autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can significantly improve response rates and prolong patient survival. There are various treatment options for multiple myeloma, and doctors will develop individualized treatment plans based on each patient's specific condition.