What are the symptoms of periodontitis?

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation caused by bacteria in dental plaque invading the periodontal tissues. Its symptoms vary and worsen as the condition progresses. The main symptoms of periodontitis are as follows: 1. Redness, swelling, and bleeding of the gums: Patients often experience gum congestion, redness, and swelling, with bleeding occurring during tooth brushing, eating, or even spontaneously. Particularly, the gums may appear dark red in color and exhibit significant edema. 2. Bad breath: Inflammatory changes in the gums promote bacterial proliferation within the gingival crevices, producing foul-smelling gases that cause halitosis. 3. Formation of periodontal pockets: As the inflammation progresses, the gums separate from the tooth roots, forming periodontal pockets. These are abnormally deep soft tissue pockets formed after the separation of the gingiva from the root surface of the teeth. 4. Tooth mobility and displacement: Long-term inflammation leads to destruction of the periodontal ligament, resorption of alveolar bone, and gum recession. As a result, teeth lose supporting structures, become loose or displaced, and chewing function is affected. 5. Discharge of pus from the periodontal pockets: Within the periodontal pockets, accumulation of purulent secretion may occur due to ulceration and formation of inflammatory granulation tissue. Pus may be expressed upon gentle pressure on the gums. If you have any concerns, please consult a relevant healthcare professional.