What is the cause of leukoplakia of the vulva?

Vulvar leukoplakia, also known as vulvar white lesion, is a common gynecological condition. Its causes are complex and varied, possibly related to factors such as autoimmune reactions, decreased estrogen levels, infections or inflammatory responses, age and genetic factors, as well as exposure to medications or chemical substances. Main symptoms include vulvar itching, pigment loss, vulvar atrophy, and vaginal stenosis, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. Regarding treatment, various methods such as medication, physical therapy, and surgical treatment are commonly used, with specific choices depending on the individual condition. Meanwhile, prevention of vulvar leukoplakia is also crucial, including maintaining hygiene, wearing loose cotton underwear, and keeping a balanced diet.