What causes amblyopia?

Amblyopia is a developmental visual disorder that typically occurs in early childhood. The main causes of amblyopia include the following aspects: 1. Refractive errors: Including myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. Uncorrected refractive problems may lead to amblyopia. When the eyes cannot focus images clearly, the brain gradually ignores signals from the affected eye. 2. Strabismus: When the two eyes cannot simultaneously focus on the same target, the brain may begin to rely on images from one eye, leading to weakened visual function in the other eye. 3. Nystagmus: Involuntary eye movements can interfere with clear vision, making it difficult for the brain to form stable images. 4. Prematurity or low birth weight: These infants may face a higher risk of vision problems, including amblyopia. It is important to note that early detection and treatment are key in managing amblyopia. Treatment typically includes wearing glasses, undergoing vision therapy, eye muscle surgery, or other visual interventions. If left untreated, amblyopia can lead to permanent vision loss. Therefore, regular pediatric vision screenings are essential.