What does perimenopause mean?

Perimenopause, also known as the climacteric period, refers to a specific physiological stage during which women transition gradually from the sexually mature phase with active reproductive function to old age. This period typically begins around the age of 45 and lasts until about 10 to 12 months after menopause, with an average age of approximately 47 years.

The most notable characteristic of perimenopause is the gradual decline of ovarian function and a significant decrease in estrogen levels, leading to various physical and psychological changes in women. These changes include, but are not limited to, irregular menstruation, hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, decreased libido, genital atrophy, and osteoporosis.

In addition, women during perimenopause may also experience mental symptoms such as anxiety, insomnia, and memory decline.