What causes breast pain?

Breast pain, medically referred to as "mastalgia" or "mammary pain," may be caused by various factors. Common causes include: 1. **Physiological cycle changes**: Many women experience breast pain during their menstrual cycle, often associated with hormonal fluctuations, particularly during the luteal phase before menstruation. 2. **Fibrocystic breast changes**: Under hormonal influence, breast tissue may undergo benign proliferation, leading to cystic changes or solid nodules that may cause pain or tenderness. 3. **Improperly fitted bras**: Bras that are too tight or poorly fitting may compress the breasts, resulting in discomfort or pain. 4. **Lifestyle factors**: Excessive caffeine intake, stress, rapid weight changes, or lack of physical activity may contribute to breast discomfort. 5. **Pregnancy, lactation, or menopause**: These physiological stages can also lead to breast pain or sensitivity. 6. **Medication side effects**: Certain medications, such as oral contraceptives, may cause breast discomfort. 7. **Inflammation or infection**: For example, mastitis, often accompanied by symptoms such as redness, swelling, and fever. If breast pain persists, is severe, or is accompanied by other abnormalities (such as a lump, skin changes, or nipple discharge), prompt medical attention is advised.