How to Preserve the Fetus in Threatened Abortion

Threatened miscarriage refers to the occurrence of symptoms such as vaginal bleeding, lower abdominal pain, or backache generally before 20 weeks of pregnancy. At this time, the cervix remains closed, the amniotic sac is intact, and the size of the uterus corresponds to the gestational age. This does not necessarily mean a miscarriage will occur, but rather indicates that the embryo might be somewhat unstable. The main measures for preserving the pregnancy in cases of threatened miscarriage include:

1. Examination and confirmation: Use ultrasound to determine whether the embryo is viable and to check for fetal heartbeat.

2. Rest and care: Ensure adequate rest, avoid strenuous exercise, heavy physical labor, and sexual activity. In cases of threatened miscarriage caused by fatigue or trauma, bed rest is recommended.

3. Dietary adjustment: Maintain a balanced diet with sufficient protein, vitamins, and minerals, while avoiding spicy, greasy, or cold foods that might stimulate uterine contractions.

4. Medication therapy: In cases caused by luteal insufficiency, progesterone injections or oral vitamin E may be administered to support luteal function and promote embryonic development. For patients with hypothyroidism, thyroid hormone replacement is necessary to maintain normal endocrine function. In cases of antiphospholipid syndrome, low molecular weight heparin sodium injection or low-dose aspirin enteric-coated tablets may be used orally.

5. Surgical treatment: If the condition is caused by cervical incompetence, a cervical cerclage procedure may be performed to strengthen cervical support and prevent premature birth or miscarriage.

6. Regular prenatal checkups: These allow for timely monitoring of both fetal and maternal health and enable early identification and management of causes of threatened miscarriage.

If heavy vaginal bleeding or persistent lower abdominal pain and other abnormal symptoms occur, seek medical attention immediately.