How many days can sperm survive in the body and still be able to fertilize

Sperm, as part of the male reproductive system, primarily functions to travel through the vagina, cervix, and uterus into the fallopian tubes after sexual intercourse, where it meets the egg and completes the fertilization process. Multiple factors must be considered regarding the survival time and fertilization capability of sperm within the body. The typical survival time of sperm inside the female reproductive tract is approximately 24 to 48 hours, although this can vary depending on several factors, such as sperm quality and the environment of the female reproductive tract. If the sperm quality is good and the motility is strong, they may survive longer in the female body, even up to around 72 hours. However, this timeframe is not absolute and can vary between individuals and be influenced by external environmental and physiological conditions.

The vagina is an acidic environment that is not conducive to sperm survival, and most sperm are eliminated at this stage. During ovulation, hormonal changes cause the cervical mucus to become thin and nutrient-rich, creating a "highway" for sperm to pass through toward the uterus and fallopian tubes. These areas, including the uterus and fallopian tubes, provide a more favorable environment for sperm survival, including suitable temperature and pH levels.